1 Praise ye the LORD. Praise God in his sanctuary: praise him in the firmament of his power.
I will go into thy house with burnt offerings: I will pay thee my vows, Which my lips have uttered, and my mouth hath spoken, when I was in trouble. I will offer unto thee burnt sacrifices of fatlings, with the incense of rams; I will offer bullocks with goats. Selah. Come and hear, all ye that fear God, and I will declare what he hath done for my soul.
I will pay my vows unto the LORD now in the presence of all his people. In the courts of the LORD's house, in the midst of thee, O Jerusalem. Praise ye the LORD.
And the likeness of the firmament upon the heads of the living creature was as the colour of the terrible crystal, stretched forth over their heads above. And under the firmament were their wings straight, the one toward the other: every one had two, which covered on this side, and every one had two, which covered on that side, their bodies. And when they went, I heard the noise of their wings, like the noise of great waters, as the voice of the Almighty, the voice of speech, as the noise of an host: when they stood, they let down their wings. And there was a voice from the firmament that was over their heads, when they stood, and had let down their wings. And above the firmament that was over their heads was the likeness of a throne, as the appearance of a sapphire stone: and upon the likeness of the throne was the likeness as the appearance of a man above upon it.
And God said, Let there be a firmament in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters. And God made the firmament, and divided the waters which were under the firmament from the waters which were above the firmament: and it was so. And God called the firmament Heaven. And the evening and the morning were the second day.
Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » Keil & Delitzsch Commentary » Commentary on Psalms 150
Commentary on Psalms 150 Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
The Final Hallelujah
The call to praise Jahve “with dance and with timbrel” in Psalms 149:3 is put forth here anew in Psalms 150:4, but with the introduction of all the instruments; and is addressed not merely to Israel, but to every individual soul.
The Synagogue reckons up thirteen divine attributes according to ex. Psalms 34:6. ( שׁלשׁ עשׂרה מדּות ), to which, according to an observation of Kimchi, correspond the thirteen הלּל of this Psalm. It is, however, more probable that in the mind of the poet the tenfold halaluw encompassed by Hallelujah's is significative; for ten is the number of rounding off, completeness, exclusiveness, and of the extreme of exhaustibleness. The local definitions in Psalms 150:1 are related attributively to God, and designate that which is heavenly, belonging to the other world, as an object of praise. קדשוּ (the possible local meaning of which is proved by the קדשׁ and קדשׁ קדשׁים of the Tabernacle and of the Temple) is in this passage the heavenly היכל ; and רקיע עזּו is the firmament spread out by God's omnipotence and testifying of God's omnipotence (Psalms 68:35), not according to its front side, which is turned towards the earth, but according to the reverse or inner side, which is turned towards the celestial world, and which marks it off from the earthly world. The third and fourth hălalu give as the object of the praise that which is at the same time the ground of the praise: the tokens of His גּבוּרה , i.e., of His all-subduing strength, and the plenitude of His greatness ( גּדלו = גּדלו ), i.e., His absolute, infinite greatness. The fifth and sixth hălalu bring into the concert in praise of God the ram's horn, שׁופר , the name of which came to be improperly used as the name also of the metallic חצצרה (vid., on Psalms 81:4), and the two kinds of stringed instruments (vid., Psalms 33:2), viz., the nabla (i.e., the harp and lyre) and the kinnor (the cithern), the ψαλτήριον and the κιθάρα ( κινύρα ). The seventh hălalu invites to the festive dance, of which the chief instrumental accompaniment is the תּף (Arabic duff , Spanish adufe , derived from the Moorish) or tambourine. The eighth hălalu brings on the stringed instruments in their widest compass, מנּים (cf. Psalms 45:9) from מן , Syriac menı̂n , and the shepherd's pipe, עגב (with the Gimel raphe = עוּגב ); and the ninth and tenth, the two kinds of castanets ( צלצלי , construct form of צלצלים , singular צלצל ), viz., the smaller clear-sounding, and the larger deeper-toned, more noisy kinds (cf. κύμβαλον ἀλαλάζον , 1 Corinthians 13:1), as צלצלי שׁמע (pausal form of שׁמע = שׁמע , like סתר in Deuteronomy 27:15, and frequently, from סתר = סתר ) and צלצלי תרוּעה are, with Schlultens, Pfeifer, Burk, Köster, and others, to be distinguished.
The call to praise has thus far been addressed to persons not mentioned by name, but, as the names of instruments thus heaped up show, to Israel especially. It is now generalized to “the totality of breath,” i.e., all the beings who are endowed by God with the breath of lie (Heb.: נשׁמת חיּים ), i.e., to all mankind.
With this full-toned Finale the Psalter closes. Having risen as it were by five steps, in this closing Psalm it hovers over the blissful summit of the end, where, as Gregory of Nyssa says, all creatures, after the disunion and disorder caused by sin have been removed, are harmoniously united for one choral dance ( εἰς μίαν χοροστασίαν ), and the chorus of mankind concerting with the angel chorus are become one cymbal of divine praise, and the final song of victory shall salute God, the triumphant Conqueror ( τῷ τροπαιούχῳ ), with shouts of joy. There is now no need for any special closing beracha . This whole closing Psalm is such. Nor is there any need even of an Amen (Psalms 106:48, cf. 1 Chronicles 16:36). The Hallelujah includes it within itself and exceeds it.