1 Judge me, O LORD; for I have walked in mine integrity: I have trusted also in the LORD; therefore I shall not slide.
2 Examine me, O LORD, and prove me; try my reins and my heart.
3 For thy lovingkindness is before mine eyes: and I have walked in thy truth.
4 I have not sat with vain persons, neither will I go in with dissemblers.
5 I have hated the congregation of evil doers; and will not sit with the wicked.
6 I will wash mine hands in innocency: so will I compass thine altar, O LORD:
7 That I may publish with the voice of thanksgiving, and tell of all thy wondrous works.
8 LORD, I have loved the habitation of thy house, and the place where thine honour dwelleth.
9 Gather not my soul with sinners, nor my life with bloody men:
10 In whose hands is mischief, and their right hand is full of bribes.
11 But as for me, I will walk in mine integrity: redeem me, and be merciful unto me.
12 My foot standeth in an even place: in the congregations will I bless the LORD.
1 [[A Psalm of David.]] H1732 Judge H8199 me, O LORD; H3068 for I have walked H1980 in mine integrity: H8537 I have trusted H982 also in the LORD; H3068 therefore I shall not slide. H4571
2 Examine H974 me, O LORD, H3068 and prove H5254 me; try H6884 my reins H3629 and my heart. H3820
3 For thy lovingkindness H2617 is before mine eyes: H5869 and I have walked H1980 in thy truth. H571
4 I have not sat H3427 with vain H7723 persons, H4962 neither will I go in H935 with dissemblers. H5956
5 I have hated H8130 the congregation H6951 of evil doers; H7489 and will not sit H3427 with the wicked. H7563
6 I will wash H7364 mine hands H3709 in innocency: H5356 so will I compass H5437 thine altar, H4196 O LORD: H3068
7 That I may publish H8085 with the voice H6963 of thanksgiving, H8426 and tell H5608 of all thy wondrous works. H6381
8 LORD, H3068 I have loved H157 the habitation H4583 of thy house, H1004 and the place H4725 where thine honour H3519 dwelleth. H4908
9 Gather H622 not my soul H5315 with sinners, H2400 nor my life H2416 with bloody H1818 men: H582
10 In whose hands H3027 is mischief, H2154 and their right hand H3225 is full H4390 of bribes. H7810
11 But as for me, I will walk H3212 in mine integrity: H8537 redeem H6299 me, and be merciful H2603 unto me.
12 My foot H7272 standeth H5975 in an even place: H4334 in the congregations H4721 will I bless H1288 the LORD. H3068
1 Judge me, O Jehovah, for I have walked in mine integrity: I have trusted also in Jehovah without wavering.
2 Examine me, O Jehovah, and prove me; Try my heart and my mind.
3 For thy lovingkindness is before mine eyes; And I have walked in thy truth.
4 I have not sat with men of falsehood; Neither will I go in with dissemblers.
5 I hate the assembly of evil-doers, And will not sit with the wicked.
6 I will wash my hands in innocency: So will I compass thine altar, O Jehovah;
7 That I may make the voice of thanksgiving to be heard, And tell of all thy wondrous works.
8 Jehovah, I love the habitation of thy house, And the place where thy glory dwelleth.
9 Gather not my soul with sinners, Nor my life with men of blood;
10 In whose hands is wickedness, And their right hand is full of bribes.
11 But as for me, I will walk in mine integrity: Redeem me, and be merciful unto me.
12 My foot standeth in an even place: In the congregations will I bless Jehovah. Psalm 27 `A Psalm' of David.
1 By David. Judge me, O Jehovah, for I in mine integrity have walked, And in Jehovah I have trusted, I slide not.
2 Try me, O Jehovah, and prove me, Purified `are' my reins and my heart.
3 For Thy kindness `is' before mine eyes, And I have walked habitually in Thy truth.
4 I have not sat with vain men, And with dissemblers I enter not.
5 I have hated the assembly of evil doers, And with the wicked I sit not.
6 I wash in innocency my hands, And I compass Thine altar, O Jehovah.
7 To sound with a voice of confession, And to recount all Thy wonders.
8 Jehovah, I have loved the habitation of Thy house, And the place of the tabernacle of Thine honour.
9 Do not gather with sinners my soul, And with men of blood my life,
10 In whose hand `is' a wicked device, And their right hand `is' full of bribes.
11 And I, in mine integrity I walk, Redeem me, and favour me.
12 My foot hath stood in uprightness, In assemblies I bless Jehovah!
1 {[A Psalm] of David.} Judge me, O Jehovah, for I have walked in mine integrity, and I have confided in Jehovah: I shall not slip.
2 Prove me, Jehovah, and test me; try my reins and my heart:
3 For thy loving-kindness is before mine eyes, and I have walked in thy truth.
4 I have not sat with vain persons, neither have I gone in with dissemblers;
5 I have hated the congregation of evil-doers, and I have not sat with the wicked.
6 I will wash my hands in innocency, and will encompass thine altar, O Jehovah,
7 That I may cause the voice of thanksgiving to be heard, and declare all thy marvellous works.
8 Jehovah, I have loved the habitation of thy house, and the place where thy glory dwelleth.
9 Gather not my soul with sinners, nor my life with men of blood;
10 In whose hands are evil devices, and their right hand is full of bribes.
11 But as for me, I will walk in mine integrity. Redeem me, and be gracious unto me.
12 My foot standeth in an even place; in the congregations will I bless Jehovah.
1 > Judge me, Yahweh, for I have walked in my integrity. I have trusted also in Yahweh without wavering.
2 Examine me, Yahweh, and prove me. Try my heart and my mind.
3 For your loving kindness is before my eyes. I have walked in your truth.
4 I have not sat with deceitful men, Neither will I go in with hypocrites.
5 I hate the assembly of evil-doers, And will not sit with the wicked.
6 I will wash my hands in innocence, So I will go about your altar, Yahweh;
7 That I may make the voice of thanksgiving to be heard, And tell of all your wondrous works.
8 Yahweh, I love the habitation of your house, The place where your glory dwells.
9 Don't gather my soul with sinners, Nor my life with bloodthirsty men;
10 In whose hands is wickedness, Their right hand is full of bribes.
11 But as for me, I will walk in my integrity. Redeem me, and be merciful to me.
12 My foot stands in an even place. In the congregations I will bless Yahweh.
1 <Of David.> O Lord, be my judge, for my behaviour has been upright: I have put my faith in the Lord, I am not in danger of slipping.
2 Put me in the scales, O Lord, so that I may be tested; let the fire make clean my thoughts and my heart.
3 For your mercy is before my eyes; and I have gone in the way of your good faith.
4 I have not taken my seat with foolish persons, and I do not go with false men.
5 I have been a hater of the band of wrongdoers, and I will not be seated among sinners.
6 I will make my hands clean from sin; so will I go round your altar, O Lord;
7 That I may give out the voice of praise, and make public all the wonders which you have done.
8 Lord, your house has been dear to me, and the resting-place of your glory.
9 Let not my soul be numbered among sinners, or my life among men of blood;
10 In whose hands are evil designs, and whose right hands take money for judging falsely.
11 But as for me, I will go on in my upright ways: be my saviour, and have mercy on me.
12 I have a safe resting-place for my feet; I will give praise to the Lord in the meetings of the people.
Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » Keil & Delitzsch Commentary » Commentary on Psalms 26
Commentary on Psalms 26 Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
The Longing of the One Who Is Persecuted innocently, to Give Thanks to God in His House
Ps. 25 and Psalms 26:1-12 are bound together by similarity of thought and expression. In the former as in this Psalm, we find the writer's testimony to his trust in God ( בּטחתּי , Psalms 25:2; Psalms 26:1); there as here, the cry coming forth from a distressed condition for deliverance ( פּדה , Psalms 25:22; Psalms 26:11), and for some manifestation of mercy ( חנּני Psalms 26:11; Psalms 25:16); and in the midst of theses, other prominent points of contact (Psalms 26:11; Psalms 25:21; Psalms 26:3; Psalms 25:5). These are grounds sufficient for placing these two Psalms close together. But in Psalms 26:1-12 there is wanting the self-accusation that goes hand in hand with the self-attestation of piety, that confession of sin which so closely corresponds to the New Testament consciousness (vid., supra p. 43), which is thrice repeated in Ps 25. The harshness of the contrast in which the psalmist stands to his enemies, whose character is here more minutely described, does not admit of the introduction of such a lament concerning himself. The description applies well to the Absolomites. They are hypocrites, who, now that they have agreed together in their faithless and bloody counsel, have thrown off their disguise and are won over by bribery to their new master; for Absolom had stolen the hearts of the men of Israel, 2 Samuel 15:6. David at that time would not take the Ark with him in his flight, but said: If I shall find favour in the eyes of Jahve, He will bring me back, and grant me to see both it and His habitation, 2 Samuel 15:25. The love for the house of God, which is expressed herein, is also the very heart of this Psalm.
Psalms 26:1-2
The poet, as one who is persecuted, prays for the vindication of his rights and for rescue; and bases this petition upon the relation in which he stands to God. שׁפטני , as in Psalms 7:9; Psalms 35:24, cf. Psalms 43:1. תּם (synon. תמים , which, however, does not take any suffix) is, according to Genesis 20:5., 1 Kings 22:34, perfect freedom from all sinful intent, purity of character, pureness, guilelessness ( ἀκακία, ἀπλότης ). Upon the fact, that he has walked in a harmless mind, without cherishing or provoking enmity, and trusted unwaveringly ( לא אמעד , an adverbial circumstantial clause, cf. Psalms 21:8) in Jahve, he bases the petition for the proving of his injured right. He does not self-righteously hold himself to be morally perfect, he appeals only to the fundamental tendency of his inmost nature, which is turned towards God and to Him only. Psalms 26:2 also is not so much a challenge for God to satisfy Himself of his innocence, as rather a request to prove the state of his mind, and, if it be not as it appears to his consciousness, to make this clear to him (Psalms 139:23.). בּחן is not used in this passage of proving by trouble, but by a penetrating glance into the inmost nature (Psalms 11:5; Psalms 17:3). נסּה , not in the sense of πειράζειν , but of δοκομάζειν . צרף , to melt down, i.e., by the agency of fire, the precious metal, and separate the dross (Psalms 12:7; Psalms 66:10). The Chethîb is not to be read צרוּפה (which would be in contradiction to the request), but צרופה , as it is out of pause also in Isaiah 32:11, cf. Judges 9:8, Judges 9:12; 1 Samuel 28:8. The reins are the seat of the emotions, the heart is the very centre of the life of the mind and soul.
Psalms 26:3
Psalms 26:3 tells how confidently and cheerfully he would set himself in the light of God. God's grace or loving-kindness is the mark on which his eye is fixed, the desire of his eye, and he walks in God's truth. חסד is the divine love, condescending to His creatures, and more especially to sinners (Psalms 25:7), in unmerited kindness; אמת is the truth with which God adheres to and carries out the determination of His love and the word of His promise. This lovingkindness of God has been always hitherto the model of his life, this truth of God the determining line and the boundary of his walk.
He still further bases his petition upon his comportment towards the men of this world; how he has always observed a certain line of conduct and continues still to keep to it. With Psalms 26:4 compare Jeremiah 15:17. מתי שׁוא (Job 11:11, cf. Psalms 31:5, where the parallel word is מרמה ) are “not-real,” unreal men, but in a deeper stronger sense than we are accustomed to use this word. שׁוא (= שׁוא , from שׁוא ) is aridity, hollowness, worthlessness, and therefore badness (Arab. su' ) of disposition; the chaotic void of alienation from God; untruth white-washed over with the lie of dissimulation (Psalms 12:3), and therefore nothingness: it is the very opposite of being filled with the fulness of God and with that which is good, which is the morally real (its synonym is און , e.g., Job 22:15). נעלמים , the veiled, are those who know how to keep their worthlessness and their mischievous designs secret and to mask them by hypocrisy; post-biblical צבוּעים , dyed (cf. ἀνυπόκριτος , Luther “ ungefärbt ,” undyed). ( את ) בּוא ע ם , to go in with any one, is a short expression for: to go in and out with, i.e., to have intercourse with him, as in Proverbs 22:24, cf. Genesis 23:10. מרע (from רעע ) is the name for one who plots that which is evil and puts it into execution. On רשׁע see Psalms 1:1.
The poet supports his petition by declaring his motive to be his love for the sanctuary of God, from which he is now far removed, without any fault of his own. The coloured future ואסבבה , distinct from ואסבבה (vid., on Psalms 3:6 and Psalms 73:16), can only mean, in this passage, et ambiam , and not et ambibam as it does in a different connection (Isaiah 43:26, cf. Judges 6:9); it is the emotional continuation (cf. Psalms 27:6; Song of Solomon 7:12; Isaiah 1:24; Isaiah 5:19, and frequently) of the plain and uncoloured expression ארחץ . He wishes to wash his hands in innocence ( בּ of the state that is meant to be attested by the action), and compass (Psalms 59:7) the altar of Jahve. That which is elsewhere a symbolic act (Deuteronomy 21:6, cf. Matthew 27:24), is in this instance only a rhetorical figure made use of to confess his consciousness of innocence; and it naturally assumes this form (cf. Psalms 73:13) from the idea of the priest washing his hands preparatory to the service of the altar (Exodus 32:20.) being associated with the idea of the altar. And, in general, the expression of Psalms 26:6. takes a priestly form, without exceeding that which the ritual admits of, by virtue of the consciousness of being themselves priests which appertained even to the Israelitish laity (Exodus 19:16). For סבב can be used even of half encompassing as it were like a semi-circle (Genesis 2:11; Numbers 21:4), no matter whether it be in the immediate vicinity of, or at a prescribed distance from, the central point. לשׁמע is a syncopated and defectively written Hiph ., for להשׁמיע , like לשׁמד , Isaiah 23:11. Instead of לשׁמע קול תּודה , “to cause the voice of thanksgiving to be heard,” since השׁמיע is used absolutely (1 Chronicles 15:19; 2 Chronicles 5:13) and the object is conceived of as the instrument of the act (Ges. §138, 1, rem. 3), it is “in order to strike in with the voice of thanksgiving.” In the expression “all Thy wondrous works” is included the latest of these, to which the voice of thanksgiving especially refers, viz., the bringing of him home from the exile he had suffered from Absolom. Longing to be back again he longs most of all for the gorgeous services in the house of his God, which are performed around the altar of the outer court; for he loves the habitation of the house of God, the place, where His doxa, - revealed on earth, and in fact revealed in grace, - has taken up its abode. ma`own does not mean refuge, shelter (Hupfeld), - for although it may obtain this meaning from the context, it has nothing whatever to do with Arab. ‛ân , med. Waw , in the signification to help (whence ma‛ûn , ma‛ûne , ma‛âne , help, assistance, succour or support), - but place, dwelling, habitation, like the Arabic ma‛ân , which the Kamus explains by menzil , a place to settle down in, and explains etymologically by Arab. mḥll 'l - ‛ı̂n , i.e., “a spot on which the eye rests as an object of sight;” for in the Arabic ma‛ân is traced back to Arab. ‛ân , med. Je , as is seen from the phrase hum minka bi - ma‛ânin , i.e., they are from thee on a point of sight (= on a spot where thou canst see them from the spot on which thou standest). The signification place, sojourn, abode (Targ. מדור ) is undoubted; the primary meaning of the root is, however, questionable.
It is now, for the first time, that the petition compressed into the one word שׁפטני (Psalms 26:1) is divided out. He prays (as in Psalms 28:3), that God may not connect him in one common lot with those whose fellowship of sentiment and conduct he has always shunned. אנשׁי דּמים , as in Psalms 5:7, cf. ἄνθρωποι αἱμάτων , Sir. 31:25. Elsewhere זמּה signifies purpose, and more particularly in a bad sense; but in this passage it means infamy, and not unnatural unchastity, to which בּידיהם is inappropriate, but scum of whatever is vicious in general: they are full of cunning and roguery, and their right hand, which ought to uphold the right - David has the lords of his people in his eye - is filled ( מלאה , not מלאה ) with accursed (Deuteronomy 27:25) bribery to the condemnation of the innocent. He, on the contrary, now, as he always has done, walks in his uprightness, so that now he can with all the more joyful conscience intreat God to interpose judicially in his behalf.
The epilogue. The prayer is changed into rejoicing which is certain of the answer that shall be given. Hitherto shut in, as it were, in deep trackless gorges, he even now feels himself to be standing בּמישׁור ,
(Note: The first labial of the combination בם , בף , when the preceding word ends with a vowel and the two words are closely connected, receives the Dagesh contrary to the general rule; on this orthophonic Dag. lene , vid., Luth. Zeitschr ., 1863, S. 414.)
upon a pleasant plain commanding a wide range of vision (cf. בּמּרחב , Psalms 31:9), and now blends his grateful praise of God with the song of the worshipping congregation, קהל (lxx ἐν ἐκκλησίαις ), and its full-voiced choirs.