1 When Jethro, H3503 the priest H3548 of Midian, H4080 Moses' H4872 father in law, H2859 heard H8085 of all that God H430 had done H6213 for Moses, H4872 and for Israel H3478 his people, H5971 and that the LORD H3068 had brought H3318 Israel H3478 out of Egypt; H4714
2 Then Jethro, H3503 Moses' H4872 father in law, H2859 took H3947 Zipporah, H6855 Moses' H4872 wife, H802 after H310 he had sent her back, H7964
3 And her two H8147 sons; H1121 of which the name H8034 of the one H259 was Gershom; H1647 for he said, H559 I have been an alien H1616 in a strange H5237 land: H776
4 And the name H8034 of the other H259 was Eliezer; H461 for the God H430 of my father, H1 said he, was mine help, H5828 and delivered H5337 me from the sword H2719 of Pharaoh: H6547
5 And Jethro, H3503 Moses' H4872 father in law, H2859 came H935 with his sons H1121 and his wife H802 unto Moses H4872 into the wilderness, H4057 where he encamped H2583 at the mount H2022 of God: H430
6 And he said H559 unto Moses, H4872 I thy father in law H2859 Jethro H3503 am come H935 unto thee, and thy wife, H802 and her two H8147 sons H1121 with her.
7 And Moses H4872 went out H3318 to meet H7125 his father in law, H2859 and did obeisance, H7812 and kissed H5401 him; and they asked H7592 each H376 other H7453 of their welfare; H7965 and they came H935 into the tent. H168
8 And Moses H4872 told H5608 his father in law H2859 all that the LORD H3068 had done H6213 unto Pharaoh H6547 and to the Egyptians H4714 for Israel's H3478 sake, H182 and all the travail H8513 that had come H4672 upon them by the way, H1870 and how the LORD H3068 delivered H5337 them.
9 And Jethro H3503 rejoiced H2302 for all the goodness H2896 which the LORD H3068 had done H6213 to Israel, H3478 whom he had delivered H5337 out of the hand H3027 of the Egyptians. H4714
10 And Jethro H3503 said, H559 Blessed H1288 be the LORD, H3068 who hath delivered H5337 you out of the hand H3027 of the Egyptians, H4714 and out of the hand H3027 of Pharaoh, H6547 who hath delivered H5337 the people H5971 from under the hand H3027 of the Egyptians. H4714
11 Now I know H3045 that the LORD H3068 is greater H1419 than all gods: H430 for in the thing H1697 wherein they dealt proudly H2102 he was above them.
12 And Jethro, H3503 Moses' H4872 father in law, H2859 took H3947 a burnt offering H5930 and sacrifices H2077 for God: H430 and Aaron H175 came, H935 and all the elders H2205 of Israel, H3478 to eat H398 bread H3899 with Moses' H4872 father in law H2859 before H6440 God. H430
Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible » Commentary on Exodus 18
Commentary on Exodus 18 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
CHAPTER 18
Ex 18:1-27. Visit of Jethro.
1-5. Jethro … came … unto Moses, &c.—It is thought by many eminent commentators that this episode is inserted out of its chronological order, for it is described as occurring when the Israelites were "encamped at the mount of God." And yet they did not reach it till the third month after their departure from Egypt (Ex 19:1, 2; compare De 1:6, 9-15).
6. and thy wife, and her two sons—See Ex 4:20.
7. Moses went out to meet his father-in-law, &c.—Their salutations would be marked by all the warm and social greetings of Oriental friends (see on Ex 4:27)—the one going out to "meet" the other, the "obeisance," the "kiss" on each side of the head, the silent entrance into the tent for consultation; and their conversation ran in the strain that might have been expected of two pious men, rehearsing and listening to a narrative of the wonderful works and providence of God.
12. Jethro … took a burnt offering—This friendly interview was terminated by a solemn religious service—the burnt offerings were consumed on the altar, and the sacrifices were peace offerings, used in a feast of joy and gratitude at which Jethro, as priest of the true God, seems to have presided, and to which the chiefs of Israel were invited. This incident is in beautiful keeping with the character of the parties, and is well worthy of the imitation of Christian friends when they meet in the present day.
13-26. on the morrow … Moses sat to judge the people, &c.—We are here presented with a specimen of his daily morning occupations; and among the multifarious duties his divine legation imposed, it must be considered only a small portion of his official employments. He appears in this attitude as a type of Christ in His legislative and judicial characters.
the people stood by Moses from the morning unto the evening, &c.—Governors in the East seat themselves at the most public gate of their palace or the city, and there, amid a crowd of applicants, hear causes, receive petitions, redress grievances, and adjust the claims of contending parties.
17. Moses' father-in-law said unto him, The thing … is not good—not good either for Moses himself, for the maintenance of justice, or for the satisfaction and interests of the people. Jethro gave a prudent counsel as to the division of labor [Ex 18:21, 22], and universal experience in the Church and State has attested the soundness and advantages of the principle.
23. If thou shalt do this thing, &c.—Jethro's counsel was given merely in the form of a suggestion; it was not to be adopted without the express sanction and approval of a better and higher Counsellor; and although we are not informed of it, there can be no doubt that Moses, before appointing subordinate magistrates, would ask the mind of God, as it is the duty and privilege of every Christian in like manner to supplicate the divine direction in all his ways.