12 He said G2036 therefore, G3767 A certain G5100 nobleman G444 G2104 went G4198 into G1519 a far G3117 country G5561 to receive G2983 for himself G1438 a kingdom, G932 and G2532 to return. G5290
For G1063 the kingdom of heaven is as G5618 a man G444 travelling into a far country, G589 who called G2564 his own G2398 servants, G1401 and G2532 delivered G3860 unto them G846 his G846 goods. G5224 And G2532 unto one G3739 G3303 he gave G1325 five G4002 talents, G5007 G1161 to another G3739 two, G1417 and G1161 to another G3739 one; G1520 to every man G1538 according G2596 to his several G2398 ability; G1411 and G2532 straightway G2112 took his journey. G589 Then G1161 he that had received G2983 the five G4002 talents G5007 went G4198 and traded G2038 with G1722 the same, G846 and G2532 made G4160 them other G243 five G4002 talents. G5007 And G2532 likewise G5615 he that had received G3588 two, G1417 he G846 also G2532 gained G2770 other G243 two. G1417 But G1161 he that had received G2983 one G1520 went G565 and digged G3736 in G1722 the earth, G1093 and G2532 hid G613 his G846 lord's G2962 money. G694 After G1161 G3326 a long G4183 time G5550 the lord G2962 of those G1565 servants G1401 cometh, G2064 and G2532 reckoneth G4868 G3056 with G3326 them. G846 And so G2532 he that had received G2983 five G4002 talents G5007 came G4334 and brought G4374 other G243 five G4002 talents, G5007 saying, G3004 Lord, G2962 thou deliveredst G3860 unto me G3427 five G4002 talents: G5007 behold, G2396 I have gained G2770 beside G1909 them G846 five G4002 talents G5007 more. G243 G1161 His G846 lord G2962 said G5346 unto him, G846 Well done, G2095 thou good G18 and G2532 faithful G4103 servant: G1401 thou hast been G2258 faithful G4103 over G1909 a few things, G3641 I will make G2525 thee G4571 ruler G2525 over G1909 many things: G4183 enter thou G1525 into G1519 the joy G5479 of thy G4675 lord. G2962 G1161 He also G2532 that had received G2983 two G1417 talents G5007 came G4334 and said, G2036 Lord, G2962 thou deliveredst G3860 unto me G3427 two G1417 talents: G5007 behold, G2396 I have gained G2770 two G1417 other G243 talents G5007 beside G1909 them. G846 His G846 lord G2962 said G5346 unto him, G846 Well done, G2095 good G18 and G2532 faithful G4103 servant; G1401 thou hast been G2258 faithful G4103 over G1909 a few things, G3641 I will make G2525 thee G4571 ruler G2525 over G1909 many things: G4183 enter thou G1525 into G1519 the joy G5479 of thy G4675 lord. G2962 Then G1161 G2532 he which had received G2983 the one G1520 talent G5007 came G4334 and said, G2036 Lord, G2962 I knew G1097 thee G4571 that G3754 thou art G1488 an hard G4642 man, G444 reaping G2325 where G3699 thou hast G4687 not G3756 sown, G4687 and G2532 gathering G4863 where G3606 thou hast G1287 not G3756 strawed: G1287 And G2532 I was afraid, G5399 and went G565 and hid G2928 thy G4675 talent G5007 in G1722 the earth: G1093 lo, G2396 there thou hast G2192 that is thine. G4674 G1161 His G846 lord G2962 answered G611 and said G2036 unto him, G846 Thou wicked G4190 and G2532 slothful G3636 servant, G1401 thou knewest G1492 that G3754 I reap G2325 where G3699 I sowed G4687 not, G3756 and G2532 gather G4863 where G3606 I have G1287 not G3756 strawed: G1287 Thou G4571 oughtest G1163 therefore G3767 to have put G906 my G3450 money G694 to the exchangers, G5133 and G2532 then at my coming G2064 I G1473 should G302 have received G2865 mine own G1699 with G4862 usury. G5110 Take G142 therefore G3767 the talent G5007 from G575 him, G846 and G2532 give G1325 it unto him which hath G2192 ten G1176 talents. G5007 For G1063 unto every one G3956 that hath G2192 shall be given, G1325 and G2532 he shall have abundance: G4052 but G1161 from G575 him G846 that hath G2192 not G3361 shall be taken away G142 G575 even G2532 that which G3739 he hath. G2192 And G2532 cast ye G1544 the unprofitable G888 servant G1401 into G1519 outer G1857 darkness: G4655 there G1563 shall be G2071 weeping G2805 and G2532 gnashing G1030 of teeth. G3599
And G2532 when he had spoken G2036 these things, G5023 while they G846 beheld, G991 he was taken up; G1869 and G2532 a cloud G3507 received G5274 him G846 out of G575 their G846 sight. G3788 And G2532 while G5613 they looked stedfastly G2258 G816 toward G1519 heaven G3772 as he G846 went up, G4198 G2532 behold, G2400 two G1417 men G435 stood by G3936 them G846 in G1722 white G3022 apparel; G2066 Which G3739 also G2532 said, G2036 Ye men G435 of Galilee, G1057 why G5101 stand ye G2476 gazing up G1689 into G1519 heaven? G3772 this same G3778 Jesus, G2424 which G3588 is taken up G353 from G575 you G5216 into G1519 heaven, G3772 shall G2064 so G3779 come G2064 in like manner as G3739 G5158 ye have seen G2300 him G846 go G4198 into G1519 heaven. G3772
Wherefore G1352 God G2316 also G2532 hath highly exalted G5251 him, G846 and G2532 given G5483 him G846 a name G3686 which G3588 is above G5228 every G3956 name: G3686 That G2443 at G1722 the name G3686 of Jesus G2424 every G3956 knee G1119 should bow, G2578 of things in heaven, G2032 and G2532 things in earth, G1919 and G2532 things under the earth; G2709 And G2532 that every G3956 tongue G1100 should confess G1843 that G3754 Jesus G2424 Christ G5547 is Lord, G2962 to G1519 the glory G1391 of God G2316 the Father. G3962
Which G3739 he wrought G1754 in G1722 Christ, G5547 when he raised G1453 him G846 from G1537 the dead, G3498 and G2532 set G2523 him at G1722 his own G846 right hand G1188 in G1722 the heavenly G2032 places, Far above G5231 all G3956 principality, G746 and G2532 power, G1849 and G2532 might, G1411 and G2532 dominion, G2963 and G2532 every G3956 name G3686 that is named, G3687 not G3756 only G3440 in G1722 this G5129 world, G165 but G235 also G2532 in G1722 that which is to come: G3195 And G2532 hath put G5293 all G3956 things under G5259 his G846 feet, G4228 and G2532 gave G1325 him G846 to be the head G2776 over G5228 all G3956 things to the church, G1577 Which G3748 is G2076 his G846 body, G4983 the fulness G4138 of him that filleth G4137 all G3956 in G1722 all. G3956
He said G2036 therefore, G3767 A certain G5100 nobleman G444 G2104 went G4198 into G1519 a far G3117 country G5561 to receive G2983 for himself G1438 a kingdom, G932 and G2532 to return. G5290 And G1161 he called G2564 his G1438 ten G1176 servants, G1401 and delivered G1325 them G846 ten G1176 pounds, G3414 and G2532 said G2036 unto G4314 them, G846 Occupy G4231 till G2193 I come. G2064 But G1161 his G846 citizens G4177 hated G3404 him, G846 and G2532 sent G649 a message G4242 after G3694 him, G846 saying, G3004 We will G2309 not G3756 have G2309 this G5126 man to reign G936 over G1909 us. G2248 And G2532 it came to pass, G1096 that when G1722 he G846 was returned, G1880 having received G2983 the kingdom, G932 then G2532 he commanded G2036 these G5128 servants G1401 to be called G5455 unto him, G846 to whom G3739 he had given G1325 the money, G694 that G2443 he might know G1097 how much G5101 every man G5101 had gained by trading. G1281 Then G1161 came G3854 the first, G4413 saying, G3004 Lord, G2962 thy G4675 pound G3414 hath gained G4333 ten G1176 pounds. G3414 And G2532 he said G2036 unto him, G846 Well, G2095 thou good G18 servant: G1401 because G3754 thou hast been G1096 faithful G4103 in G1722 a very little, G1646 have G2192 thou authority G2468 G1849 over G1883 ten G1176 cities. G4172 And G2532 the second G1208 came, G2064 saying, G3004 Lord, G2962 thy G4675 pound G3414 hath gained G4160 five G4002 pounds. G3414 And G1161 he said G2036 likewise G2532 to him, G5129 Be G1096 thou G4771 also G2532 over G1883 five G4002 cities. G4172 And G2532 another G2087 came, G2064 saying, G3004 Lord, G2962 behold, G2400 here is thy G4675 pound, G3414 which G3739 I have G2192 kept laid up G606 in G1722 a napkin: G4676 For G1063 I feared G5399 thee, G4571 because G3754 thou art G1488 an austere G840 man: G444 thou takest up G142 that G3739 thou layedst G5087 not G3756 down, G5087 and G2532 reapest G2325 that G3739 thou didst G4687 not G3756 sow. G4687 And G1161 he saith G3004 unto him, G846 Out of G1537 thine own G4675 mouth G4750 will I judge G2919 thee, G4571 thou wicked G4190 servant. G1401 Thou knewest G1492 that G3754 I G1473 was G1510 an austere G840 man, G444 taking up G142 that G3739 I laid G5087 not G3756 down, G5087 and G2532 reaping G2325 that G3739 I did G4687 not G3756 sow: G4687 Wherefore G1302 then G2532 gavest G1325 not G3756 thou G1325 my G3450 money G694 into G1909 the bank, G5132 that G2532 at my coming G2064 I G1473 might G302 have required G4238 mine own G846 with G4862 usury? G5110 And G2532 he said G2036 unto them that stood by, G3936 Take G142 from G575 him G846 the pound, G3414 and G2532 give G1325 it to him that hath G2192 ten G1176 pounds. G3414 (And G2532 they said G2036 unto him, G846 Lord, G2962 he hath G2192 ten G1176 pounds.) G3414 For G1063 I say G3004 unto you, G5213 That G3754 unto every one G3956 which G3588 hath G2192 shall be given; G1325 and G1161 from G575 him that hath G2192 not, G3361 even G2532 that G3739 he hath G2192 shall be taken away G142 from G575 him. G846 But G4133 those G1565 mine G3450 enemies, G2190 which G3588 would G2309 not G3361 that I G3165 should reign G936 over G1909 them, G846 bring G71 hither, G5602 and G2532 slay G2695 them before G1715 me. G3450
For the Son of man is as G5613 a man G444 taking a far journey, G590 who left G863 his G846 house, G3614 and G2532 gave G1325 authority G1849 to his G846 servants, G1401 and G2532 to every man G1538 his G846 work, G2041 and G2532 commanded G1781 the porter G2377 to G2443 watch. G1127 Watch ye G1127 therefore: G3767 for G1063 ye know G1492 not G3756 when G4219 the master G2962 of the house G3614 cometh, G2064 at even, G3796 or G2228 at midnight, G3317 or G2228 at the cockcrowing, G219 or G2228 in the morning: G4404 Lest G3361 coming G2064 suddenly G1810 he find G2147 you G5209 sleeping. G2518 And G1161 what G3739 I say G3004 unto you G5213 I say G3004 unto all, G3956 Watch. G1127
Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible » Commentary on Luke 19
Commentary on Luke 19 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
CHAPTER 19
Lu 19:1-10. Zaccheus the Publican.
The name is Jewish.
2-4. chief among the publicans—farming a considerable district, with others under him.
rich—Ill-gotten riches some of it certainly was. (See on Lu 19:8.)
3. who he was—what sort of person. Curiosity then was his only motive, though his determination not to be baulked was overruled for more than he sought.
4. sycamore—the Egyptian fig, with leaves like the mulberry.
5, 6. looked up,—in the full knowledge of who was in the tree, and preparatory to addressing him.
Zaccheus—whom he had never seen in the flesh, nor probably heard of. "He calleth His own sheep by name and leadeth them out" (Joh 10:3).
make haste, and come down—to which he literally responded—"he made haste and came down."
for to-day, &c.—Our Lord invites Himself, and in "royal" style, which waits not for invitations, but as the honor is done to the subject, not the sovereign, announces the purpose of royalty to partake of the subject's hospitalities. Manifestly our Lord speaks as knowing how the privilege would be appreciated.
to-day … abide—(Compare Joh 1:39), probably over night.
6. joyfully—Whence this so sudden "joy" in the cold bosom of an avaricious publican? The internal revolution was as perfect as instantaneous. "He spake and it was done." "Then shall the lame man leap as an hart, and the tongue of the dumb sing" (Isa 35:6).
7. to be guest—or lodge: something more than "eating with" such (Lu 15:2).
a sinner—that was one but a minute ago, but now is not. This mighty change, however, was all unknown to them. But they shall know it presently. "Sinner" would refer both to his office, vile in the eyes of a Jew, and to his character, which it is evident was not good.
8-10. stood—before all.
said unto the Lord, Behold, Lord—Mark how frequently Luke uses this title, and always where lordly authority, dignity, or power is intended.
if I have—that is, "so far as I have," for evidently the "if" is so used (as in Php 4:8).
taken by false accusation—defrauded, overcharged (Lu 3:12, 13).
fourfold—The Roman law required this; the Jewish law, but the principal and a fifth more (Nu 5:7). There was no demand made for either; but, as if to revenge himself on his hitherto reigning sin (see on Joh 20:28), and to testify the change he had experienced, besides surrendering the half of his fair gains to the poor, he voluntarily determines to give up all that was ill-gotten, quadrupled. He gratefully addressed this to the "Lord," to whom he owed the wonderful change.
9. Jesus said unto him—but also before all.
This day, &c.—memorable saying! Salvation already come, but not a day old.
to this house—so expressed probably to meet the taunt, "He is gone to be guest," &c. The house is no longer polluted; it is now fit to receive Me. But salvation to a house is an exceedingly precious idea, expressing the new air that would henceforth breathe in it, and the new impulses from its head which would reach its members (Ps 118:15; Ac 16:15, 16, 31).
son of Abraham—He was that by birth, but here it means a partaker of his faith, being mentioned as the sufficient explanation of salvation having come to him.
10. lost—and such "lost" ones as this Zaccheus. (See on Lu 15:32.) What encouragement is there in this narrative to hope for unexpected conversions?
Lu 19:11-27. Parable of the Pounds.
A different parable from that of the Talents (Mt 25:14-30). For, (1) This parable was spoken "when He was nigh to Jerusalem" (Lu 19:11); that one, some days after entering it, and from the Mount of Olives. (2) This parable was spoken to the promiscuous crowd; that, to the Twelve alone. Accordingly, (3) Besides the "servants" in this parable, who profess subjection to Him, there is a class of "citizens" who refuse to own Him, and who are treated differently, whereas in the parable of the talents, spoken to the former class alone, this latter class is omitted. (4) In the Talents, each servant receives a different number of them (five, two, one); in the Pounds all receive the same one pound, which is but about the sixtieth part of a talent; also, in the talents, each shows the same fidelity by doubling what he received (the five are made ten; the two, four); in the Pounds, each receiving the same, render a different return (one making his pound ten, another five). Plainly, therefore, the intended lesson is different; the one illustrating equal fidelity with different degrees of advantage; the other, different degrees of improvement of the same opportunities; yet with all this difference, the parables are remarkably similar.
12. a far country—said to put down the notion that He was just on His way to set up His kingdom, and to inaugurate it by His personal presence.
to receive … a kingdom—be invested with royalty; as when Herod went to Rome and was there made king; a striking expression of what our Lord went away for and received, "sitting down at the right hand of the Majesty on high."
to return—at His second coming.
13. Occupy—"negotiate," "do business," with the resources entrusted.
14. his citizens—His proper subjects; meaning the Jews, who expressly repudiating our Lord's claims said, "We have no king but Cæsar" (Joh 19:15). In Christendom, these correspond to infidel rejecters of Christianity, as distinguished from professed Christians.
15-26. (See on Mt 25:19-29.)
ten … five cities—different degrees of future gracious reward, proportioned to the measure of present fidelity.
27. bring hither, &c.—(Compare 1Sa 15:32, 33). Referring to the awful destruction of Jerusalem, but pointing to the final destruction of all that are found in open rebellion against Christ.
Lu 19:28-44. Christ's Triumphant Entry into Jerusalem and Tears over It.
(See on Mt 21:1-11.)
29-38. Bethphage—"house of figs," a village which with Bethany lay along the further side of Mount Olivet, east of Jerusalem.
30. whereon, &c.—(See on Joh 19:41).
31. the Lord hath need, &c.—He both knew all and had the key of the human heart. (See on Lu 19:5.) Perhaps the owner was a disciple.
35. set Jesus on—He allowing this, as befitting the state He was for the first and only time assuming.
37. whole multitude, &c.—The language here is very grand, intended to express a burst of admiration far wider and deeper than ever had been witnessed before.
38. Blessed be the King, &c.—Mark (Mr 11:9, 10) more fully, "Hosanna," that is, "Save now," the words of Ps 118:25, which were understood to refer to Messiah; and so they add, "to the Son of David, blessed is He that cometh in the name of the Lord (Ps 118:26), Hosanna in the highest." This was the very loftiest style in which He could be saluted as the promised Deliverer.
peace, &c.—(See on Lu 2:13, 14).
40. the stones, &c.—Hitherto the Lord had discouraged all demonstrations in His favor; latterly He had begun an opposite course; on this one occasion He seems to yield His whole soul to the wide and deep acclaim with a mysterious satisfaction, regarding it as so necessary a part of the regal dignity in which as Messiah He for this last time entered the city, that if not offered by the vast multitude, it would have been wrung out of the stones rather than be withheld (Hab 2:11).
41-44. when beheld … wept—Compare La 3:51, "Mine eye affecteth mine heart"; the heart again affecting the eye. Under this sympathetic law of the relation of mind and body, Jesus, in His beautiful, tender humanity, was constituted even as we. What a contrast to the immediately preceding profound joy! He yielded Himself alike freely to both. (See on Mt 23:37.)
42. at least in this, &c.—even at this moving moment. (See on Lu 13:9.)
thy peace—thinking perhaps of the name of the city. (Heb 7:2) [Webster and Wilkinson]. How much is included in this word!
now … hid—It was His among His last open efforts to "gather them," but their eyes were judicially closed.
43. a trench—a rampart; first of wood, and when this was burnt, a built wall, four miles in circuit, built in three days—so determined were they. This "cut off all hope of escape," and consigned the city to unparalleled horrors. (See Josephus, Wars of the Jews, 6.2; 12.3,4.) All here predicted was with dreadful literally fulfilled.
Lu 19:45-48. Second Cleansing of the Temple and Subsequent Teaching.
45, 46. As the first cleansing was on His first visit to Jerusalem (Joh 2:13-22), so this second cleansing was on His last.
den of thieves—banded together for plunder, reckless of principle. The mild term "house of merchandise," used on the former occasion, was now unsuitable.
47. sought—continued seeking, that is, daily, as He taught.
48. were very attentive to hear him—hung upon His words.