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And G2532 when G3753 they drew nigh G1448 unto G1519 Jerusalem, G2414 and G2532 were come G2064 to G1519 Bethphage, G967 unto G4314 the mount G3735 of Olives, G1636 then G5119 sent G649 Jesus G2424 two G1417 disciples, G3101 Saying G3004 unto them, G846 Go G4198 into G1519 the village G2968 over against G561 you, G5216 and G2532 straightway G2112 ye shall find G2147 an ass G3688 tied, G1210 and G2532 a colt G4454 with G3326 her: G846 loose G3089 them, and bring G71 them unto me. G3427 And G2532 if G1437 any man G5100 say G2036 ought G5100 unto you, G5213 ye shall say, G2046 G3754 The Lord G2962 hath G2192 need G5532 of them; G846 and G1161 straightway G2112 he will send G649 them. G846 All G1161 G3650 this G5124 was done, G1096 that G2443 it might be fulfilled G4137 which G3588 was spoken G4483 by G1223 the prophet, G4396 saying, G3004 Tell ye G2036 the daughter G2364 of Sion, G4622 Behold, G2400 thy G4675 King G935 cometh G2064 unto thee, G4671 meek, G4239 and G2532 sitting G1910 upon G1909 an ass, G3688 and G2532 a colt G4454 the foal G5207 of an ass. G5268 And G1161 the disciples G3101 went, G4198 and G2532 did G4160 as G2531 Jesus G2424 commanded G4367 them, G846 And brought G71 the ass, G3688 and G2532 the colt, G4454 and G2532 put G2007 on G1883 them G846 their G846 clothes, G2440 and G2532 they set G1940 G1940 him thereon. G1883 G846 And G1161 a very great G4118 multitude G3793 spread G4766 their G1438 garments G2440 in G1722 the way; G3598 others G1161 G243 cut down G2875 branches G2798 from G575 the trees, G1186 and G2532 strawed G4766 them in G1722 the way. G3598 And G1161 the multitudes G3793 that went before, G4254 and G2532 that followed, G190 cried, G2896 saying, G3004 Hosanna G5614 to the Son G5207 of David: G1138 Blessed G2127 is he that cometh G2064 in G1722 the name G3686 of the Lord; G2962 Hosanna G5614 in G1722 the highest. G5310 And G2532 when he G846 was come G1525 into G1519 Jerusalem, G2414 all G3956 the city G4172 was moved, G4579 saying, G3004 Who G5101 is G2076 this? G3778 And G1161 the multitude G3793 said, G3004 This G3778 is G2076 Jesus G2424 the prophet G4396 of G575 Nazareth G3478 of Galilee. G1056
And G2532 when G3753 they came nigh G1448 to G1519 Jerusalem, G2419 unto G1519 Bethphage G967 and G2532 Bethany, G963 at G4314 the mount G3735 of Olives, G1636 he sendeth forth G649 two G1417 of his G846 disciples, G3101 And G2532 saith G3004 unto them, G846 Go your way G5217 into G1519 the village G2968 over against G2713 you: G5216 and G2532 as soon as G2112 ye be entered G1531 into G1519 it, G846 ye shall find G2147 a colt G4454 tied, G1210 whereon G1909 G3739 never G3762 man G444 sat; G2523 loose G3089 him, G846 and bring G71 him. And G2532 if G1437 any man G5100 say G2036 unto you, G5213 Why G5101 do ye G4160 this? G5124 say ye G2036 that G3754 the Lord G2962 hath G2192 need G5532 of him; G846 and G2532 straightway G2112 he will send G649 him G846 hither. G5602 And G1161 they went their way, G565 and G2532 found G2147 the colt G4454 tied G1210 by G4314 the door G2374 without G1854 in G1909 a place where two ways met; G296 and G2532 they loose G3089 him. G846 And G2532 certain of them G5100 that stood G2476 there G1563 said G3004 unto them, G846 What G5101 do ye, G4160 loosing G3089 the colt? G4454 And G1161 they said G2036 unto them G846 even as G2531 Jesus G2424 had commanded: G1781 and G2532 they let G863 them G846 go. G863 And G2532 they brought G71 the colt G4454 to G4314 Jesus, G2424 and G2532 cast G1911 their G846 garments G2440 on G1911 him; G846 and G2532 he sat G2523 upon G1909 him. G846 And G1161 many G4183 spread G4766 their G846 garments G2440 in G1519 the way: G3598 and G1161 others G243 cut down G2875 branches G4746 off G1537 the trees, G1186 and G2532 strawed G4766 them in G1519 the way. G3598 And G2532 they that went before, G4254 and G2532 they that followed, G190 cried, G2896 saying, G3004 Hosanna; G5614 Blessed G2127 is he that cometh G2064 in G1722 the name G3686 of the Lord: G2962 Blessed G2127 be the kingdom G932 of our G2257 father G3962 David, G1138 that cometh G2064 in G1722 the name G3686 of the Lord: G2962 Hosanna G5614 in G1722 the highest. G5310 And G2532 Jesus G2424 entered G1525 into G1519 Jerusalem, G2414 and G2532 into G1519 the temple: G2411 and G2532 when he had looked round about upon G4017 all things, G3956 and now G2235 the eventide G3798 G5610 was come, G5607 he went out G1831 unto G1519 Bethany G963 with G3326 the twelve. G1427
On the next day G1887 much G4183 people G3793 that were come G2064 to G1519 the feast, G1859 when they heard G191 that G3754 Jesus G2424 was coming G2064 to G1519 Jerusalem, G2414 Took G2983 branches G902 of palm trees, G5404 and G2532 went forth G1831 to G1519 meet G5222 him, G846 and G2532 cried, G2896 Hosanna: G5614 Blessed G2127 is the King G935 of Israel G2474 that cometh G2064 in G1722 the name G3686 of the Lord. G2962 And G1161 Jesus, G2424 when he had found G2147 a young ass, G3678 sat G2523 thereon; G1909 G846 as G2531 it is G2076 written, G1125 Fear G5399 not, G3361 daughter G2364 of Sion: G4622 behold, G2400 thy G4675 King G935 cometh, G2064 sitting G2521 on G1909 an ass's G3688 colt. G4454 G1161 These things G5023 understood G1097 not G3756 his G846 disciples G3101 at the first: G4412 but G235 when G3753 Jesus G2424 was glorified, G1392 then G5119 remembered they G3415 that G3754 these things G5023 were G2258 written G1125 of G1909 him, G846 and G2532 that they had done G4160 these things G5023 unto him. G846
Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible » Commentary on Luke 19
Commentary on Luke 19 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
CHAPTER 19
Lu 19:1-10. Zaccheus the Publican.
The name is Jewish.
2-4. chief among the publicans—farming a considerable district, with others under him.
rich—Ill-gotten riches some of it certainly was. (See on Lu 19:8.)
3. who he was—what sort of person. Curiosity then was his only motive, though his determination not to be baulked was overruled for more than he sought.
4. sycamore—the Egyptian fig, with leaves like the mulberry.
5, 6. looked up,—in the full knowledge of who was in the tree, and preparatory to addressing him.
Zaccheus—whom he had never seen in the flesh, nor probably heard of. "He calleth His own sheep by name and leadeth them out" (Joh 10:3).
make haste, and come down—to which he literally responded—"he made haste and came down."
for to-day, &c.—Our Lord invites Himself, and in "royal" style, which waits not for invitations, but as the honor is done to the subject, not the sovereign, announces the purpose of royalty to partake of the subject's hospitalities. Manifestly our Lord speaks as knowing how the privilege would be appreciated.
to-day … abide—(Compare Joh 1:39), probably over night.
6. joyfully—Whence this so sudden "joy" in the cold bosom of an avaricious publican? The internal revolution was as perfect as instantaneous. "He spake and it was done." "Then shall the lame man leap as an hart, and the tongue of the dumb sing" (Isa 35:6).
7. to be guest—or lodge: something more than "eating with" such (Lu 15:2).
a sinner—that was one but a minute ago, but now is not. This mighty change, however, was all unknown to them. But they shall know it presently. "Sinner" would refer both to his office, vile in the eyes of a Jew, and to his character, which it is evident was not good.
8-10. stood—before all.
said unto the Lord, Behold, Lord—Mark how frequently Luke uses this title, and always where lordly authority, dignity, or power is intended.
if I have—that is, "so far as I have," for evidently the "if" is so used (as in Php 4:8).
taken by false accusation—defrauded, overcharged (Lu 3:12, 13).
fourfold—The Roman law required this; the Jewish law, but the principal and a fifth more (Nu 5:7). There was no demand made for either; but, as if to revenge himself on his hitherto reigning sin (see on Joh 20:28), and to testify the change he had experienced, besides surrendering the half of his fair gains to the poor, he voluntarily determines to give up all that was ill-gotten, quadrupled. He gratefully addressed this to the "Lord," to whom he owed the wonderful change.
9. Jesus said unto him—but also before all.
This day, &c.—memorable saying! Salvation already come, but not a day old.
to this house—so expressed probably to meet the taunt, "He is gone to be guest," &c. The house is no longer polluted; it is now fit to receive Me. But salvation to a house is an exceedingly precious idea, expressing the new air that would henceforth breathe in it, and the new impulses from its head which would reach its members (Ps 118:15; Ac 16:15, 16, 31).
son of Abraham—He was that by birth, but here it means a partaker of his faith, being mentioned as the sufficient explanation of salvation having come to him.
10. lost—and such "lost" ones as this Zaccheus. (See on Lu 15:32.) What encouragement is there in this narrative to hope for unexpected conversions?
Lu 19:11-27. Parable of the Pounds.
A different parable from that of the Talents (Mt 25:14-30). For, (1) This parable was spoken "when He was nigh to Jerusalem" (Lu 19:11); that one, some days after entering it, and from the Mount of Olives. (2) This parable was spoken to the promiscuous crowd; that, to the Twelve alone. Accordingly, (3) Besides the "servants" in this parable, who profess subjection to Him, there is a class of "citizens" who refuse to own Him, and who are treated differently, whereas in the parable of the talents, spoken to the former class alone, this latter class is omitted. (4) In the Talents, each servant receives a different number of them (five, two, one); in the Pounds all receive the same one pound, which is but about the sixtieth part of a talent; also, in the talents, each shows the same fidelity by doubling what he received (the five are made ten; the two, four); in the Pounds, each receiving the same, render a different return (one making his pound ten, another five). Plainly, therefore, the intended lesson is different; the one illustrating equal fidelity with different degrees of advantage; the other, different degrees of improvement of the same opportunities; yet with all this difference, the parables are remarkably similar.
12. a far country—said to put down the notion that He was just on His way to set up His kingdom, and to inaugurate it by His personal presence.
to receive … a kingdom—be invested with royalty; as when Herod went to Rome and was there made king; a striking expression of what our Lord went away for and received, "sitting down at the right hand of the Majesty on high."
to return—at His second coming.
13. Occupy—"negotiate," "do business," with the resources entrusted.
14. his citizens—His proper subjects; meaning the Jews, who expressly repudiating our Lord's claims said, "We have no king but Cæsar" (Joh 19:15). In Christendom, these correspond to infidel rejecters of Christianity, as distinguished from professed Christians.
15-26. (See on Mt 25:19-29.)
ten … five cities—different degrees of future gracious reward, proportioned to the measure of present fidelity.
27. bring hither, &c.—(Compare 1Sa 15:32, 33). Referring to the awful destruction of Jerusalem, but pointing to the final destruction of all that are found in open rebellion against Christ.
Lu 19:28-44. Christ's Triumphant Entry into Jerusalem and Tears over It.
(See on Mt 21:1-11.)
29-38. Bethphage—"house of figs," a village which with Bethany lay along the further side of Mount Olivet, east of Jerusalem.
30. whereon, &c.—(See on Joh 19:41).
31. the Lord hath need, &c.—He both knew all and had the key of the human heart. (See on Lu 19:5.) Perhaps the owner was a disciple.
35. set Jesus on—He allowing this, as befitting the state He was for the first and only time assuming.
37. whole multitude, &c.—The language here is very grand, intended to express a burst of admiration far wider and deeper than ever had been witnessed before.
38. Blessed be the King, &c.—Mark (Mr 11:9, 10) more fully, "Hosanna," that is, "Save now," the words of Ps 118:25, which were understood to refer to Messiah; and so they add, "to the Son of David, blessed is He that cometh in the name of the Lord (Ps 118:26), Hosanna in the highest." This was the very loftiest style in which He could be saluted as the promised Deliverer.
peace, &c.—(See on Lu 2:13, 14).
40. the stones, &c.—Hitherto the Lord had discouraged all demonstrations in His favor; latterly He had begun an opposite course; on this one occasion He seems to yield His whole soul to the wide and deep acclaim with a mysterious satisfaction, regarding it as so necessary a part of the regal dignity in which as Messiah He for this last time entered the city, that if not offered by the vast multitude, it would have been wrung out of the stones rather than be withheld (Hab 2:11).
41-44. when beheld … wept—Compare La 3:51, "Mine eye affecteth mine heart"; the heart again affecting the eye. Under this sympathetic law of the relation of mind and body, Jesus, in His beautiful, tender humanity, was constituted even as we. What a contrast to the immediately preceding profound joy! He yielded Himself alike freely to both. (See on Mt 23:37.)
42. at least in this, &c.—even at this moving moment. (See on Lu 13:9.)
thy peace—thinking perhaps of the name of the city. (Heb 7:2) [Webster and Wilkinson]. How much is included in this word!
now … hid—It was His among His last open efforts to "gather them," but their eyes were judicially closed.
43. a trench—a rampart; first of wood, and when this was burnt, a built wall, four miles in circuit, built in three days—so determined were they. This "cut off all hope of escape," and consigned the city to unparalleled horrors. (See Josephus, Wars of the Jews, 6.2; 12.3,4.) All here predicted was with dreadful literally fulfilled.
Lu 19:45-48. Second Cleansing of the Temple and Subsequent Teaching.
45, 46. As the first cleansing was on His first visit to Jerusalem (Joh 2:13-22), so this second cleansing was on His last.
den of thieves—banded together for plunder, reckless of principle. The mild term "house of merchandise," used on the former occasion, was now unsuitable.
47. sought—continued seeking, that is, daily, as He taught.
48. were very attentive to hear him—hung upon His words.