1 Then went H5927 Boaz H1162 up H5927 to the gate, H8179 and sat him down H3427 there: and, behold, the kinsman H1350 of whom Boaz H1162 spake H1696 came H5674 by; unto whom he said, H559 Ho, H1945 such H6423 a one! H492 turn aside, H5493 sit down H3427 here. And he turned aside, H5493 and sat down. H3427
2 And he took H3947 ten H6235 men H582 of the elders H2205 of the city, H5892 and said, H559 Sit ye down H3427 here. And they sat down. H3427
3 And he said H559 unto the kinsman, H1350 Naomi, H5281 that is come again H7725 out of the country H7704 of Moab, H4124 selleth H4376 a parcel H2513 of land, H7704 which was our brother H251 Elimelech's: H458
4 And I thought H559 to advertise H1540 H241 thee, saying, H559 Buy H7069 it before the inhabitants, H3427 and before the elders H2205 of my people. H5971 If thou wilt redeem H1350 it, redeem H1350 it: but if thou wilt not redeem H1350 it, then tell H5046 me, that I may know: H3045 for there is none to redeem H1350 it beside H2108 thee; and I am after H310 thee. And he said, H559 I will redeem H1350 it.
5 Then said H559 Boaz, H1162 What day H3117 thou buyest H7069 the field H7704 of the hand H3027 of Naomi, H5281 thou must buy H7069 it also of Ruth H7327 the Moabitess, H4125 the wife H802 of the dead, H4191 to raise up H6965 the name H8034 of the dead H4191 upon his inheritance. H5159
6 And the kinsman H1350 said, H559 I cannot H3201 redeem H1350 it for myself, lest I mar H7843 mine own inheritance: H5159 redeem H1350 thou my right H1353 to thyself; for I cannot H3201 redeem H1350 it.
7 Now this was the manner in former time H6440 in Israel H3478 concerning redeeming H1353 and concerning changing, H8545 for to confirm H6965 all things; H1697 a man H376 plucked off H8025 his shoe, H5275 and gave H5414 it to his neighbour: H7453 and this was a testimony H8584 in Israel. H3478
Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible » Commentary on Ruth 4
Commentary on Ruth 4 Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
CHAPTER 4
Ru 4:1-5. Boaz Calls into Judgment the Next Kinsman.
1. Then went Boaz up to the gate of the city—a roofed building, unenclosed by walls; the place where, in ancient times, and in many Eastern towns still, all business transactions are made, and where, therefore, the kinsman was most likely to be found. No preliminaries were necessary in summoning one before the public assemblage; no writings and no delay were required. In a short conversation the matter was stated and arranged—probably in the morning as people went out, or at noon when they returned from the field.
2. he took ten men of the elders of the city—as witnesses. In ordinary circumstances, two or three were sufficient to attest a bargain; but in cases of importance, such as matrimony, divorce, conveyancing of property, it was the Jewish practice to have ten (1Ki 21:8).
3. Naomi … selleth a parcel of land—that is, entertains the idea of selling. In her circumstances she was at liberty to part with it (Le 25:25). Both Naomi and Ruth had an interest in the land during their lives; but Naomi alone was mentioned, not only because she directed all the negotiations, but because the introduction of Ruth's name would awaken a suspicion of the necessity of marrying her, before the first proposition was answered.
4. there is none to redeem it beside thee; and I am after thee—(See on De 25:5). The redemption of the land of course involved a marriage with Ruth, the widow of the former owner.
Ru 4:6-8. He Refuses the Redemption.
6. The kinsman said, I cannot redeem it …, lest I mar mine own inheritance—This consequence would follow, either, first, from his having a son by Ruth, who, though heir to the property, would not bear his name; his name would be extinguished in that of her former husband; or, secondly, from its having to be subdivided among his other children, which he had probably by a previous marriage. This right, therefore, was renounced and assigned in favor of Boaz, in the way of whose marriage with Ruth the only existing obstacle was now removed.
7, 8. a man plucked off his shoe—Where the kinsman refused to perform his duty to the family of his deceased relation, the widow was directed to pull off the shoe with some attendant circumstances of contemptuous disdain. But, as in this case, there was no refusal, the usual ignominy was spared; and the plucking off the shoe, the only ceremony observed, was a pledge of the transaction being completed.
Ru 4:9-12. He Marries Ruth.
9. Boaz said unto the elders, Ye are witnesses this day, that I have bought all that was … Chilion's and Mahlon's, of the hand of Naomi—Although the widow of Chilion was still living, no regard was paid to her in the disposal of her husband's property. From her remaining in Moab, she was considered to have either been married again, or to have renounced all right to an inheritance with the family of Elimelech.
10. Ruth the Moabitess … have I purchased to be my wife—This connection Boaz not only might form, since Ruth had embraced the true religion, but he was under a legal necessity of forming it.
11. all the people and the elders, said, We are witnesses—A multitude, doubtless from curiosity or interest, were present on the occasion. There was no signing of deeds; yet was the transfer made, and complete security given, by the public manner in which the whole matter was carried on and concluded.
the Lord make the woman that is come into thine house like Rachel and like Leah—This was the usual bridal benediction.
12. let thy house be like the house of Pharez—that is, as honorable and numerous as his. He was the ancestor of the Beth-lehem people, and his family one of the five from which the tribe of Judah sprang.
Ru 4:13-18. She Bears Obed.
17. Obed—means "servant."
18-22. these are the generations of Pharez—that is, his descendants. This appendix shows that the special object contemplated by the inspired author of this little book was to preserve the memory of an interesting domestic episode, and to trace the genealogy of David. There was an interval of three hundred eighty years between Salmon and David. It is evident that whole generations are omitted; the leading personages only are named, and grandfathers are said, in Scripture language, to beget their grandchildren, without specifying the intermediate links.