1 A Song of the Ascents. Those trusting in Jehovah `are' as Mount Zion, It is not moved -- to the age it abideth.
Blessed `is' the man who trusteth in Jehovah, And whose confidence hath been Jehovah. And hath been as a tree planted by waters, And by a rivulet he sendeth forth his roots, And he doth not see when heat cometh, And his leaf hath been green, And in a year of dearth he is not sorrowful, Nor doth he cease from making fruit.
How comely on the mountains, Have been the feet of one proclaiming tidings, Sounding peace, proclaiming good tidings, Sounding salvation, Saying to Zion, `Reigned hath thy God.' The voice of thy watchmen! They have lifted up the voice, together they cry aloud, Because eye to eye they see, in Jehovah's turning back `to' Zion.
and Simon Peter answering said, `Thou art the Christ, the Son of the living God.' And Jesus answering said to him, `Happy art thou, Simon Bar-Jona, because flesh and blood did not reveal `it' to thee, but my Father who is in the heavens. `And I also say to thee, that thou art a rock, and upon this rock I will build my assembly, and gates of Hades shall not prevail against it;
for our being to the praise of His glory, `even' those who did first hope in the Christ, in whom ye also, having heard the word of the truth -- the good news of your salvation -- in whom also having believed, ye were sealed with the Holy Spirit of the promise,
Trust unto Jehovah with all thy heart, And unto thine own understanding lean not. In all thy ways know thou Him, And He doth make straight thy paths.
Worthy.Bible » Commentaries » Keil & Delitzsch Commentary » Commentary on Psalms 125
Commentary on Psalms 125 Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
Israel's Bulwark against Temptation to Apostasy
The favourite word Israel furnished the outward occasion for annexing this Psalm to the preceding. The situation is like that in Psalms 123:1-4 and Psalms 124:1-8. The people are under foreign dominion. In this lies the seductive inducement to apostasy. The pious and the apostate ones are already separated. Those who have remained faithful shall not, however, always remain enslaved. Round about Jerusalem are mountains, but more important still: Jahve, of rocks the firmest, Jahve encompasses His people.
That this Psalm is one of the latest, appears from the circumstantial expression “the upright in their hearts,” instead of the old one, “the upright of heart,” from פעלי האון instead of the former פעלי און , and also from למען לא (beside this passage occurring only in Psalms 119:11, Psalms 119:80; Ezekiel 19:9; Ezekiel 26:20; Zechariah 12:7) instead of למען אשׁר לא or פּן .
The stedfastness which those who trust in Jahve prove in the midst of every kind of temptation and assault is likened to Mount Zion, because the God to whom they believingly cling is He who sits enthroned on Zion. The future ישׁב signifies: He sits and will sit, that is to say, He continues to sit, cf. Psalms 9:8; Psalms 122:5. Older expositors are of opinion that the heavenly Zion must be understood on account of the Chaldaean and the Roman catastrophes; but these, in fact, only came upon the buildings on the mountain, not upon the mountain itself, which in itself and according to its appointed destiny (vid., Micah 3:12; Micah 4:1) remained unshaken. in Psalms 125:2 also it is none other than the earthly Jerusalem that is meant. The holy city has a natural circumvallation of mountains, and the holy nation that dwells and worships therein has a still infinitely higher defence in Jahve, who encompasses it round (vid., on Psalms 34:8), as perhaps a wall of fire (Zechariah 2:5), or an impassably broad and mighty river ( Isaiah 33:21); a statement which is also now confirmed, for, etc. Instead of inferring from the clause Psalms 125:2 that which is to be expected with לכן , the poet confirms it with כי by that which is surely to be expected.
The pressure of the worldly power, which now lies heavily upon the holy land, will not last for ever; the duration of the calamity is exactly proportioned to the power of resistance of the righteous, whom God proves and purifies by calamity, but not without at the same time graciously preserving them. “The rod of wickedness” is the heathen sceptre, and “the righteous” are the Israelites who hold fast to the religion of their fathers. The holy land, whose sole entitled inheritors are these righteous, is called their “lot” ( גורל , κλῆρος = κληρονομία ). נוּח signifies to alight or settle down anywhere, and having alighted, to lean upon or rest (cf. Isaiah 11:2 with John 1:32, ἔμεινεν ). The lxx renders οὐκ ἀφφήσει , i.e., לא ינּיח (cf. on the other hand יניח , He shall let down, cause to come down, in Isaiah 30:32). Not for a continuance shall the sceptre of heathen tyranny rest upon the holy land, God will not suffer that: in order that the righteous may not at length, by virtue of the power which pressure and use exercises over men, also participate in the prevailing ungodly doings. שׁלח with Beth : to seize upon anything wrongfully, or even only (as in Job 28:9) to lay one's hand upon anything (frequently with על ). As here in the case of עולתה , in Psalms 80:3 too the form that is the same as the locative is combined with a preposition.
On the ground of the strong faith in Psalms 125:1. and of the confident hope in Psalms 125:3, the petition now arises that Jahve would speedily bestow the earnestly desired blessing of freedom upon the faithful ones, and on the other hand remove the cowardly lit. those afraid to confess God and those who have fellowship with apostasy, together with the declared wicked ones, out of the way. For such is the meaning of Psalms 125:4. טובים (in Proverbs alternating with the “righteous,” Proverbs 2:20, the opposite being the “wicked,” רשׁעים , Proverbs 14:19) are here those who truly believe and rightly act in accordance with the good will of God,
(Note: The Midrash here calls to mind a Talmudic riddle: There came a good one (Moses, Exodus 2:2) and received a good thing (the Tôra, Proverbs 4:2) from the good One (God, Psalms 145:9) for the good ones (Israel, Psalms 125:4).)
or, as the parallel member of the verse explains (where לישׁרים did not require the article on account of the addition), those who in the bottom of their heart are uprightly disposed, as God desires to have it. The poet supplicates good for them, viz., preservation against denying God and deliverance out of slavery; for those, on the contrary, who bend ( הטּה ) their crooked paths, i.e., turn aside their paths in a crooked direction from the right way ( עקלקלּותם , cf. Judges 5:6, no less than in Amos 2:7; Proverbs 17:23, an accusative of the object, which is more natural than that it is the accusative of the direction, after Numbers 22:23 extrem ., cf. Job 23:11; Isaiah 30:11) - for these he wishes that Jahve would clear them away ( הוליך like Arab. ahlk , perire facere = perdere ) together with the workers of evil, i.e., the open, manifest sinners, to whom these lukewarm and sly, false and equivocal ones are in no way inferior as a source of danger to the church. lxx correctly: τοὺς δὲ ἐκκλίνοντας εἰς τάς στραγγαλιὰς (Aquila διαπλοκάς , Symmachus σκολιότητας , Theodotion διεστραμμένα ) ἀπάξει κύριος μετὰ κ. τ. λ . . Finally, the poet, stretching out his hand over Israel as if pronouncing the benediction of the priest, gathers up all his hopes, prayers, and wishes into the one prayer: “Peace be upon Israel.” He means “the Israel of God,” Galatians 6:16. Upon this Israel he calls down peace from above. Peace is the end of tyranny, hostility, dismemberment, unrest, and terror; peace is freedom and harmony and unity and security and blessedness.