1 Praise ye Jah! Praise ye God in His holy place, Praise Him in the expanse of His strength.
I enter Thy house with burnt-offerings, I complete to Thee my vows, For opened were my lips, And my mouth spake in my distress: `Burnt-offerings of fatlings I offer to Thee, With perfume of rams, I prepare a bullock with he-goats.' Selah. Come, hear, all ye who fear God, And I recount what he did for my soul.
My vows to Jehovah let me complete, I pray you, before all His people, In the courts of the house of Jehovah, In thy midst, O Jerusalem, praise ye Jah!
And a likeness `is' over the heads of the living creatures of an expanse, as the colour of the fearful ice, stretched out over their heads from above. And under the expanse their wings `are' straight, one toward the other, to each are two covering on this side, and to each are two covering on that side -- their bodies. And I hear the noise of their wings, as the noise of many waters, as the noise of the Mighty One, in their going -- the noise of tumult, as the noise of a camp, in their standing they let fall their wings. And there is a voice from above the expanse, that `is' above their head: in their standing they let fall their wings. And above the expanse that `is' over their head, as an appearance of a sapphire stone, `is' the likeness of a throne, and on the likeness of the throne a likeness, as the appearance of man upon it from above.
And God saith, `Let an expanse be in the midst of the waters, and let it be separating between waters and waters.' And God maketh the expanse, and it separateth between the waters which `are' under the expanse, and the waters which `are' above the expanse: and it is so. And God calleth to the expanse `Heavens;' and there is an evening, and there is a morning -- day second.
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Commentary on Psalms 150 Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
The Final Hallelujah
The call to praise Jahve “with dance and with timbrel” in Psalms 149:3 is put forth here anew in Psalms 150:4, but with the introduction of all the instruments; and is addressed not merely to Israel, but to every individual soul.
The Synagogue reckons up thirteen divine attributes according to ex. Psalms 34:6. ( שׁלשׁ עשׂרה מדּות ), to which, according to an observation of Kimchi, correspond the thirteen הלּל of this Psalm. It is, however, more probable that in the mind of the poet the tenfold halaluw encompassed by Hallelujah's is significative; for ten is the number of rounding off, completeness, exclusiveness, and of the extreme of exhaustibleness. The local definitions in Psalms 150:1 are related attributively to God, and designate that which is heavenly, belonging to the other world, as an object of praise. קדשוּ (the possible local meaning of which is proved by the קדשׁ and קדשׁ קדשׁים of the Tabernacle and of the Temple) is in this passage the heavenly היכל ; and רקיע עזּו is the firmament spread out by God's omnipotence and testifying of God's omnipotence (Psalms 68:35), not according to its front side, which is turned towards the earth, but according to the reverse or inner side, which is turned towards the celestial world, and which marks it off from the earthly world. The third and fourth hălalu give as the object of the praise that which is at the same time the ground of the praise: the tokens of His גּבוּרה , i.e., of His all-subduing strength, and the plenitude of His greatness ( גּדלו = גּדלו ), i.e., His absolute, infinite greatness. The fifth and sixth hălalu bring into the concert in praise of God the ram's horn, שׁופר , the name of which came to be improperly used as the name also of the metallic חצצרה (vid., on Psalms 81:4), and the two kinds of stringed instruments (vid., Psalms 33:2), viz., the nabla (i.e., the harp and lyre) and the kinnor (the cithern), the ψαλτήριον and the κιθάρα ( κινύρα ). The seventh hălalu invites to the festive dance, of which the chief instrumental accompaniment is the תּף (Arabic duff , Spanish adufe , derived from the Moorish) or tambourine. The eighth hălalu brings on the stringed instruments in their widest compass, מנּים (cf. Psalms 45:9) from מן , Syriac menı̂n , and the shepherd's pipe, עגב (with the Gimel raphe = עוּגב ); and the ninth and tenth, the two kinds of castanets ( צלצלי , construct form of צלצלים , singular צלצל ), viz., the smaller clear-sounding, and the larger deeper-toned, more noisy kinds (cf. κύμβαλον ἀλαλάζον , 1 Corinthians 13:1), as צלצלי שׁמע (pausal form of שׁמע = שׁמע , like סתר in Deuteronomy 27:15, and frequently, from סתר = סתר ) and צלצלי תרוּעה are, with Schlultens, Pfeifer, Burk, Köster, and others, to be distinguished.
The call to praise has thus far been addressed to persons not mentioned by name, but, as the names of instruments thus heaped up show, to Israel especially. It is now generalized to “the totality of breath,” i.e., all the beings who are endowed by God with the breath of lie (Heb.: נשׁמת חיּים ), i.e., to all mankind.
With this full-toned Finale the Psalter closes. Having risen as it were by five steps, in this closing Psalm it hovers over the blissful summit of the end, where, as Gregory of Nyssa says, all creatures, after the disunion and disorder caused by sin have been removed, are harmoniously united for one choral dance ( εἰς μίαν χοροστασίαν ), and the chorus of mankind concerting with the angel chorus are become one cymbal of divine praise, and the final song of victory shall salute God, the triumphant Conqueror ( τῷ τροπαιούχῳ ), with shouts of joy. There is now no need for any special closing beracha . This whole closing Psalm is such. Nor is there any need even of an Amen (Psalms 106:48, cf. 1 Chronicles 16:36). The Hallelujah includes it within itself and exceeds it.